Related topic:Global and Geopolitical Factors and Undesirable Foreign InfluencesDescription:This report explores how the Russian government and affiliated actors have used extremist‑tinged narratives in online propaganda during the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Using multilingual social media data from platforms such as X and Telegram, the report systematically analyses the spread, reach and impact of racially or ethnically motivated violent extremism (REMVE) narratives deployed by pro‑Russian actors, assesses which communities are exposed to these messages and evaluates their potential to influence discourse beyond Russia’s primary audiences, providing important insight into the interplay between geopolitical conflict, online information environments and extremist messaging strategies.Link:Read the documentLanguage:EnglishDate: 03.03.2026Proposed by:PPHSSource:RAND, 2025
